The way of being cynical of the leaders

Abstract

Bédard (1995, 2002), has identified three mannersof being, that she designates as the “Way ofbeing mythical”, the “Way of being systematic”,and the “Way of being pragmatic”. A fourth wayof being, the “Way of being relational” has beenproposed by Alain Chanlat (1995). These waysof being, are for the authors, the manifestation ofbig trends in Western thought. In this context, inthe present article, the “Way of being cynical” ofthe leaders is developed. The fundamental valuesthat distinguish the cynicism are: resistance,impassivity and evil