High spatial resolution photogrammetry using the structure from motion (SfM) method and unmanned aerial vehicles
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Obtain high-resolution digital elevation models requires modern geospatial technologies, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). However, these technologies have limitations, such as their high cost and the requirement of high logistics. The integration of novel advances in computational technology and image analysis, with the use of low-cost aerial platforms, represent a viable alternative for the generation of high- precision photogrammetry. This work integrates the use of low cost unmanned aerial vehicles with common digital cameras and the image analysis method known as Structure from Motion (SfM). This integration allows the development of photogrammetry with spatial resolution below one meter using a minimum of control points. An orthophoto was generated with a resolution of 20cm and a digital elevation model with a resolution of one meter using the Structure from Motion method, the digital elevation model presented advantages over a model generated by LiDAR whose spatial resolution is five meters, the Structure from Motion model presented higher resolution, as well as a drainage network in detail. The results of this work can help with the development of low cost techniques for the detection of changes in the earth's surface that require high precision and continuous monitoring.
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