Mapping of areas vulnerable to flooding in Tejipió basin river, in Pernambuco, Brazil
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The urbanization process in Latin American countries, such as Brazil, evolved with greater intensity in the mid-twentieth century, but in an accelerated and disorderly way, considerably modifying the conditions of land use and landscape patterns, resulting in significant changes in the water cycle. One of the consequences of these transformations was the increase in the occurrence of floods, which has become one of the main problems faced by society. Thus, the present work sought to map the areas susceptible to flooding in the Tejipió river basin, in Pernambuco, Brazil, using the Hierarchical Analytical Process (AHP), together with the Geographic Information System (GIS). For this, six conditioning factors for the occurrence of floods were listed and processed in the free software QGIS (3.10.9), reclassified and submitted to map algebra. Thus, it was possible to draw up a map of the areas susceptible to flooding for the studied region, observing that the areas most prone to this type of hydrological disaster are those that are densely urbanized and have low altitudes and slopes. The use of this method, regarding the objective proposed in the study, proved to be an advantageous solution in terms of applicability and feasibility, enabling more assertive decision-making by managers and professionals in the area.
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