Diversidad de líquenes Cortícolas en el bosque Subandino de la finca Zíngara (Cali, Valle del Cauca)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge of lichen diversity in Valle del Cauca. For this, five individuals of five tree species (phorophytes) were selected and lichens species were identified present in a 0.50x0.20 m2 quadrant located in the trunk of each tree at a height of 1.3 m. Sixty-nine species of lichens were found, of which 37 were identified to species, 18 to genus and 14 were not determined because they were sterile or had no spores. Most species of lichens (59 species) were crustaceans, 6 foliose, 1 squamulae, 1 dimorphic, 1 gelatinous, and 1 filamentous.
Twenty-seven genera were grouped into 16 families. The genera with the greatest number of species were Herpothallon (12), Pyrenula (4), Graphis (4), Arthonia, Phaeographis, and Coenogonium (3). The Arthoniaceae family was the best represented (15 species), followed by Graphidaceae (12), Thelotremataceae (7), and Pyrenulaceae (4). On the other hand, Cladonaceae, Collemataceae, Pilocarpaceae, Porinaceae, Roccelaceae, and Ramalinaceae families presented only one species. Considering the differences in the area and the type of sampling (25,000 cm2), the diversity of the site is very high compared to other places like the Central Andes of Colombia (173 species) in a low rain forest in Venezuela (250 species), in Ecuador (45 species), in a mountain forest in Costa Rica, in a low rain forest in Guyana (114 species) and in a tropical rainforest in northern Brazil (150 species).