Relationship between prosthetic treatment, self-esteem and quality of life in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis
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Fundamento: O estado de saúde bucal pode ter influência física e psicológica sobre a vida dos indivíduos. Pode afetar simultaneamente o prazer na vida devido a interferência nas condições bucais, na fala, mastigação, sabor e deglutição, nos domínios sociais, sobre a aparência e autoconfiança dos indivíduos.
Objetivo: Verificar se o tratamento protético odontológico é capaz de gerar melhoria na qualidade de vida e na autoestima de pacientes idosos submetidos a hemodiálise.
Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo intervencional com 26 pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise na cidade de Diamantina, Brasil. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a realização do tratamento; com e sem tratamento. O grupo tratamento recebeu ajustes ou confecção de uma nova prótese odontológica, já o grupo sem tratamento recebeu apenas avaliação clínica e orientações sobre higiene bucal. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do instrumento Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) e Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) na sua versão 14. Já para a autoestima utilizou-se a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg.
Resultados: A média de idade foi 69,08 anos (±05,90) e o índice CPO-D médio foi de 29,65 (±01,35). Houve significância estatística na dimensão aspecto emocional do SF-36 nos dois grupos. O grupo que recebeu tratamento apresentou significância na incapacidade física do OHIP-14 e melhora da autoestima.
Conclusão: O tratamento protético odontológico gerou melhoria na qualidade de vida e impactou na autoestima de pacientes idosos submetidos à hemodiálise, sendo o impacto maior nos pacientes que realizaram tratamento protético.
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Aceptado 2021-06-28
Publicado 2021-09-15
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